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Tasting Everyday

May 23, 2016 by Alex Voynow

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To all my future acquaintances, bus seat neighbors, Tinder matches, and curious onlookers, the answer is “Yes.” No, seriously. It’s true. As a chocolate maker, it’s my job to eat a lot of chocolate every day. I have to. I understand how this looks; from a distance, my job probably seems like an alternate universe where dreams come true, everything is glamorous, and nothing is sad. And sometimes, it really seems that way to me when I talk about it. That said, I want to tell you about the harsh reality of this life.

As I’m writing this, one of my colleagues approaches me with a freshly-tempered bar—broken into individual pieces—expecting that I take and eat one. This is a twice-daily ritual: before the beginning of every tempering round, each member of the production team tastes a square of chocolate from the batch about to be tempered. The idea is to taste the chocolate, and provide a score on a scale from 1 to 10.  The number corresponds to our subjective preference for the chocolate, but we also consider its fidelity to the objective flavor—determined  by the roast profile we’ve chosen—of whichever origin it is. If the chocolate is Madagascar, for example, we’re looking for its characteristic tangy citrus and berry flavor, and a sharp acidity balanced by a pleasant creaminess. If I think my square matches these sensations, and otherwise tastes good, I’ll probably give it a 7.5 or 8. If it’s exceptional I’ll give it a 9. If there’s something slightly off about it, I’ll say it’s a 6 or 7. If there’s a score of 5 or below, something about the chocolate has caused enough concern that we need to stop what we’re doing and investigate. Or cry.

Elman gives this one an 8.

Elman gives this one an 8.

When I first started working on the production floor, I would relish the requirement to eat these squares not only because I enjoyed them, but also because I was introducing my uninitiated palate to the nuances of our chocolate that change from day to day, and shift to shift. I felt particularly special, a part of a greater process of judgement and consensus, a member of a group that understood sensory subtlety. I felt like I moved in some fancy echelon of connoisseurs who can discern the difference between a 6, a 7, and an 8. That was a particularly juicy feeling considering I was not, nor am I now, a connoisseur, rather just a person who really likes, and now really knows, good chocolate.

This is how we score chocolate, every day.

This is how we score chocolate, every day.

And now, as Obed insists that I eat this square of a Madagascar bar so he can record my score, I take it, break it in half, and swallow my reluctance. I just had lunch and I have no desire for Madagascar’s tart jab and mouth-coating tendencies. And I had a whole square this morning, plus I had a few spoonfuls of it yesterday, and right now one more square feels like an overdose. I can easily imagine what it tastes like, I’ve tasted it a million times before, so I could half-heartedly chew and swallow and score it, followed by a quick chase of coffee if I wanted. But, like I said, dear reader, my job does require that I eat a lot of chocolate every day. It’s days like this one that challenge me the most, that oblige me to steel myself against the ennui of another bite of chocolate. And so, in consideration of just about every other job I could be holding in this world, and any other thing I could be eating, I eat the half square. I let it melt and express its full range across my tongue, and remember exactly what it is that makes my friends jealous when I tell them what I do for a living.

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Chocolate in India: A Conversation with Arun Viswanathan

April 26, 2016 by Alex Voynow

Arun Viswanathan is the chocolatier at the helm of Ganache for Da Chocoholics, a chocolaterie out of Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. On a sourcing trip to the Coimbatore region in late 2015, Greg, our Chocolate Sourcerer, met Arun. While visiting the U.S. in February, Arun decided to come by our Valencia street location for a few days to learn how we make chocolate from the bean, in the hopes of bringing those skills back to his company in Coimbatore. We caught up with Arun towards the end of his time here to learn more about his business and the chocolate industry in India.

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Hi Arun!

Hey!

So, it’s been great to work with you for the past few days on the production floor here. What’s your background, and what do you do in India?

Well, I got my masters in food science and technology from Cornell University, and later I got my second masters in food engineering and marketing in India. Studying food science, I realized there that chocolate is one of the only fields where I get to bring in a lot of science and creativity.

From there I decided I wanted to specialize in chocolates. Then, I was in Bruges, Belgium, where I got certified as a chocolatier, making bonbons, truffles, and pralines. I worked in a store called The Chocolate Line, run by Dominique Persoone—one of the best [chocolatiers] in Belgium. So then I got back to India, and started my own company—Ganache for Da Chocoholics. We opened our first store in June last year, and now we plan to expand to other cities in India.

What kind of chocolate do you make?

Basically we’re working on the Indianization of Belgian chocolates.

What does that mean?

If you look into a box of our chocolates, you would find flavors like saffron, lemon and pepper, Madras filter coffee, which is like a South Indian delicacy, Gulabi Lassi, which is a rose petal-based product. We also do international flavors like Wasabi, and now we work with farmers in India to help them develop good quality cocoa which we intend to use over time.

What is your relationship with the farmers?

In the global market, Indian farmers are slowly getting recognized for growing cacao, and we would like to one day soon make a single-origin chocolate from Indian cocoa. We’re building a factory now where we want to produce Indian bean-to-bar chocolates.

Have you found a difference between Americans’ taste and the Indian palate? Is there a culture of bean-to-bar chocolate making there?

The American market and Indian market are similar in one way: they both like sweet and milk chocolate, but dark chocolate is definitely surging in popularity in both countries, possibly because the health benefits of dark chocolate are more well-known now. I would say we expect the Indian market in five years to be where the U.S. chocolate market is today—supporting the small batch bean-to-bar chocolate makers, and our chocolate.

Right now you’re selling to people in Coimbatore, which is your home base. Are you selling anywhere else?

Also in Chennai. But we’re planning a franchising model, and we have a factory coming up. Once we have more production capacity, we will be selling it in those two cities plus Bangalore. The factory will also be in Coimbatore, right near all the cocoa farms. We can use all the fresh produce from the farms, which after learning here [at Dandelion], fresh cocoa makes the chocolate taste a lot better.

Bean-to-bar chocolate is so different from the way chocolate has been made for decades. Are there people where you’re from that are skeptical of your chocolate business?

Yes—people are sometimes a little bit skeptical about whether I should be planning for a trend that won’t be existing in the very near future. But from what I’ve noticed, there’s been a really good response so far. We’re coming up with a lot of new concepts and plans, and it’s definitely just the beginning of what we want to do. So someday, we hope to enter the American market. We also started doing workshops for people in India on chocolate, and I’ve also done a chocolate workshop at Cornell University.
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For those who want to make chocolate in India, what are the difficulties that you and others face?

First of all, it’s the market. We have to educate every customer on why the chocolates we make are expensive. So once they understand that, and taste it, they really enjoy it. I wouldn’t really call it an issue, it’s just hard work. Another problem is the sourcing of the cocoa, and specifically the licensing of it. Because it’s a new market, it can be hard to understand how licensing and exporting works, or what laws we need to follow. In terms of bean-to-bar in India, there isn’t really anyone to look up to, so we really have to rely on Google. Other than that, there aren’t really any problems, just huge potential. There’s a huge population who have travelled well, been educated abroad, and who want to taste good products.

You’ve been spending some time at Dandelion, do you have any favorite bars here?

I really like the Zorzal, and I think Madagascar was good too. I’ve eaten so much chocolate here that it’s hard to know what’s what. There was one that I really, really liked, I forget which one though.

Was it Guatemala?

Yes! Guatemala is my favorite. So Guatemala, Zorzal, Madagascar. 1, 2, 3.

It’s been really fun to work with you. What was it like working at Dandelion for a minute?

I’ll put it this way: In India, there’s this grandmother’s philosophy that says when you’re happy in the kitchen, the food always tastes good. I think that comes through a lot in your chocolate. On the production team, I couldn’t see a single face who didn’t enjoy what they were doing. I definitely think that’s one of the main reasons why the chocolate tastes so good. You guys have so much fun here, I don’t know if i’ve had as much fun as I’ve had here in my own factory! I feel like it’s a huge part of your success.

Well gee. I think we do genuinely have fun on the production floor, and it really feels like we’re a team. It’s special that you actually noticed it! Thanks for taking some time to sit down with me.

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Q & A: Pablo Aguilar

February 8, 2016 by Alex Voynow

Every other Monday, we’ll introduce you to a member of the Dandelion community through a Q & A. Stay tuned to meet our chocolate makers, café staff, kitchen team, producers, partners, importers, mentors, and everyone who helps make our chocolate possible. This week, we’d like you to meet Pablo, one of our chocolate makers with a depth of experience in the cacao industry that few can match. And a thing for pizza. 

If you’ve been to our Valencia Street factory and peered through the small windows in the hallway leading to the kitchen, there’s a good chance you’ve seen our bean-prepping juggernaut, Pablo. You might have seen his face affixed with a look of steadfast concentration, or, more likely, you caught him sharing stories with the other makers with a lightness and enthusiasm that keep many of us in the “bean room” for longer than we ever really need to be. He has always told us wonderful stories, but for a while there’s one story I’ve been really hankering to hear: his own.

Pablo immigrated to the US from Cuba four years ago, having previously worked in the Cuban cacao agro industry for a few decades. He’s well acquainted with the gamut of chocolate production, not only from bean to bar but from tree—from ground, from land—to bar. As one chocolate maker to another, Pablo was kind enough to explain to me his life in the “Cocoa World,” offering a glimpse into what it’s like to not only work in the chocolate world, but to live it.

IMG_7470 Many thanks to Obed for being an excellent translator.

 

NAME: Pablo Aguilar

HOMETOWN: Bayamo, Cuba

FAVORITE CHOCOLATE:  Cahabón

WORKED AT DANDELION SINCE: July 18, 2015

POSITION: Chocolate Maker

 

Q: Alright, let’s get into it. Where did you grow up?

A: I was born in Bayamo, Granma, in eastern Cuba. I lived there until I was 24 years old.

Q: How did you get into the cacao world?

A: My wife was born in and grew up in Baracoa city, known as “The Capital of  Cacao in Cuba.” I moved there when we married. Since I had already graduated at the age of 23 as an Agronomical Engineer in Bayamo, it only made sense that my professional activity there was to be in cacao.

Q: What’s Baracoa like?

A: Baracoa is in the Guantánamo province, and it’s the second most important city in this area, and generally important as a center of history and tourism—it’s very beautiful and there is a industrial chocolate factory. I like Baracoa! It has a lot of natural resources, very green vegetation, and a very tropical character. It rains a lot and the relative humidity is 80%-85% all year, which makes for very good growing conditions for cacao, coffee, and coconuts. Baracoa contains 78% of Cuba’s cacao plantations, and 88% of its national cacao production. The culture of Baracoa is the cacao, and her handmade chocolate is known as “Bola de Cacao” (cocoa ball), which we use to make a drink called “Chorote.”

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Q: How long did you work in cacao?

A: 27 years. First, I taught classes about cacao, coffee, and the science of different agricultural crops at the Agronomical Institute in Baracoa. Next, after one year of teaching, I moved to the Cocoa Research Station, which was the only cacao research center in Cuba. I worked as an investigator in this center for ten years, working in different agrotechnical departments dealing with plant nutrition, irrigation, as well as in nurseries, development plantations, and production plantations. One specific project I worked on was the introduction of organic fertilization into Cuba’s cacao nurseries, transitioning from chemical to organic fertilizer.

I collaborated with other investigators on certain research themes. After that, I worked in the Territorial Plants Protection Center (ETPP)—in the Integral Management of Pest, Disease and Quarantine of Plants—of which I was Specialist-Inspector and the director for many years. A few of us were in charge of the cocoa warehouse, wherein my partners and I checked the phytosanitary quality of the cacao stored in the warehouse. At the same time, I worked in the preparation and realization of the municipality project to improve the quality of life in the cocoa farmer community and others in urban agriculture. 

Q: Why did Cuba want to transition from chemical to organic fertilization?

A: Although chemical fertilizer increases production, it’s bad for soil, and bad for the health of people and animals. The Cuban government looked to other countries in the Soviet bloc, and they saw that the old USSR, East Germany and other countries in the world which used inorganic fertilization also used this method. They decided to transition to organic after 1980.

Q: So were the Soviet Bloc countries the biggest customers of Cuban produce?

A: Yes, Cuba exported a lot of citrus products and other produce to those countries of the old bloc.

Q:Was it the same for cacao?

A: No. A big part of the cacao production was, and is, for national consumption, and the other part was used  to obtain cocoa butter to export to this country and others. Cuba isn’t considered a big exporter of cacao, but in 2008, a new movement arose in Cuba to export more cacao. A Cuban cacao export enterprise started sending cacao to Holland, and other European countries.

Q: So in Cuba, the government buys all the cacao?

A: Yes. It was Cuba.

Q: So that being the case, what incentive do the farmers have to produce high quality cacao?

A: Well, it works like this: Normally, the farmer farms his own area, and the government buys his cacao, and brings it to a cocoa beneficio for fermentation and drying. To encourage quality, the government also has a stimulus system: when the farmers produces more or better cacao, they get a bonus. It’s like a voucher. For example, the government will give you a voucher for your clothes, shoes, etc. if you produce extra, and with great quality.

Q: What is cuban cacao like?IMG_7476

A: It’s excellent, similar to Ecuadorian. Their farms have developed along with the research that’s working to improve cacao.

Q: Do you think the market and trade of Cuban cacao will expand, and we will see it pop up here?

A: Yes, I hope so. I hope for a good new relationship between US and Cuba.

Q: Okay, so, I know you really like pizza, and you really like sushi. What do you like better?

A: Pizza. But pizza with a nice hot chocolate. Because chocolate is my favorite. 

Q: That’s kind of a weird combination. So between pizza and sushi, you like chocolate the best?

A: Definitely, pizza and chocolate.

Q: Makes sense. One more question: what was your favorite part of working in cacao in Cuba?

A: Being involved in the culture of cacao, in the lives of the producers, was always a good reason to do the work I did. I liked to solve the different problems presented to me, so the research was my favorite. That said, I found that being out in the farms, with the farmers, was something I enjoyed as well. I would visit the farmers, and they would show me their unique styles of growing—from seedlings, to fermentation—and I would always learn from them. We would share knowledge, and we would make chocolate together, so I really enjoyed that relationship, working together with them.

Q: Will it be possible for someone like Dandelion to go down and buy cacao directly, or will they also have to go through the government?

A: It’s possible. Now that Cuba is opening new relationship with US, I think it can happen. There are also other companies that are establishing business with Cuba.

Q: Well, here’s to hoping. Thanks Pablo!

A: Anytime.

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